|
Field Marshal John Dalrymple, 2nd Earl of Stair KT PC (20 July 1673 – 9 May 1747) was a Scottish soldier and diplomat. He served in the Nine Years' War and the War of the Spanish Succession and, after a period as British Ambassador in Paris, became a military commander at the Battle of Dettingen during the War of the Austrian Succession. ==Early military career== Born the son of John Dalrymple, 2nd Viscount Stair (and later 1st Earl of Stair) and Elizabeth Dalrymple (née Dundas), Dalrymple accidentally killed his brother in a shooting accident in April 1682 and thereafter spent most of his early life in the Netherlands where he studied at Leiden University.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=John Dalrymple, 2nd Earl of Stair )〕 He joined up as a volunteer for the Nine Years' War with the Earl of Angus's Regiment and fought at the Battle of Steenkerque in August 1692.〔Heathcote, p.97〕 At Steenkerque he rallied his regiment several times when the ranks had been broken by cannon fire.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Stair )〕 In 1695 he became Master of Stair when his father succeeded to the Viscountcy of Stair.〔Heathcote, p.98〕 He was commissioned as a lieutenant colonel in the 3rd Foot Guards on 12 May 1702 and fought with the Duke of Marlborough during the War of the Spanish Succession at the Battle of Peer in August 1702 and the Battle of Venlo in September 1702.〔 At Venlo he also saved the life of the Prince of Hesse-Kassel.〔 He became Viscount Dalrymple in 1703 when his father was created 1st Earl of Stair.〔 In January 1706 he was appointed colonel of the Earl of Angus's Regiment.〔 He commanded a brigade at the Battle of Ramillies in May 1706 and, having been promoted to brigadier general on 1 June 1706,〔 became colonel of the Grey Dragoons on 24 August 1706.〔 He became 2nd Earl of Stair in January 1707 when his father died and later that year he was elected as one of sixteen Scottish representative peers in the newly formed Parliament of Great Britain.〔 He commanded a brigade at the Battle of Oudenarde in July 1708, the Siege of Lille in Autumn 1708 and then, having been promoted to major general on 1 January 1709, at the Battle of Malplaquet in September 1709.〔 In Winter 1709 the Duke of Marlborough sent him on a diplomatic mission to Augustus II of Poland.〔 He returned in time to take part in the Siege of Douai in April 1710.〔 Promoted to lieutenant general on 1 June 1710, he fought at the Siege of Bouchain in August 1711.〔 He was also appointed a Knight of the Thistle that year.〔 He was sent to Flanders to join the military campaign there in April 1712 and became colonel of the Black Dragoons on 9 April 1714. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「John Dalrymple, 2nd Earl of Stair」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|